Benito Mussolini barely escaped death on September 11, 1926, when Italian anarchist Ermete Giovannini hurled a bomb at the Fascist dictator's limousine in Rome. The 26-year-old marble cutter had snuck back into Italy from France specifically to assassinate Il Duce, but quick thinking by Mussolini's chauffeur — who gunned the engine when he felt the bomb hit the car — saved the premier's life. The bomb shattered the glass but rolled off the running board before exploding, wounding eight bystanders but leaving Mussolini unscathed. That evening, a defiant Mussolini addressed 100,000 cheering supporters in Colonna Square, warning foreign governments (clearly aimed at France) that plots against Italy 'must end' or face 'suitable methods.' This marked the third assassination attempt against Mussolini in just several months, ratcheting up tensions between Fascist Italy and republican France to their highest point since the Black Shirts marched on Rome in 1922.
This dramatic assassination attempt captures Europe teetering on the edge of the political upheavals that would define the coming decades. Mussolini's Italy was flexing its Fascist muscles while democratic nations struggled with how to handle this new authoritarian threat. Meanwhile, America in 1926 was riding high on Roaring Twenties prosperity, largely isolationist and focused inward — as evidenced by the front page's equal billing of a local Navy pilot's air race victory. The diplomatic tensions brewing in Geneva over German rearmament and League of Nations politics would eventually contribute to the conditions that sparked World War II, but to American readers, European dictators hurling threats still seemed like distant theater.
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