Tuesday
December 4, 1906
The sun (New York [N.Y.]) — New York City, New York
“When Teddy Roosevelt fired Black soldiers without trial — and bragged about it”
Art Deco mural for December 4, 1906
Original newspaper scan from December 4, 1906
Original front page — The sun (New York [N.Y.]) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

President Theodore Roosevelt finds himself at the center of a brewing Senate storm over his controversial dismissal of three companies of the Twenty-fifth Colored Infantry Regiment. Senator Penrose of Pennsylvania and Senator Foraker of Ohio introduced competing resolutions demanding all the facts about Roosevelt's order to discharge the Black soldiers without honor following an incident in Brownsville, Texas. What's surprising? Roosevelt himself is reportedly behind Penrose's resolution, confident that when all facts emerge, Congress and the American people will support his decision. Meanwhile, Senator Foraker is preparing what promises to be 'mighty interesting comments' when the matter comes to full Senate debate, questioning whether soldiers can be convicted of felony and punished 'by order' without proper trial. Elsewhere on the front page, a Methodist preacher named Rev. J.C. Rawlings faces execution today in Georgia alongside his Black accomplice for murdering two Carter children in a family feud gone horribly wrong. In a bizarre twist of British nobility, the new Sir Henry Echlin has inherited his baronetcy but continues working as a pub keeper at the Rose and Crown, unable to afford abandoning his livelihood since the previous baronet squandered the family estate.

Why It Matters

This front page captures America grappling with the deep racial tensions that would define the Progressive Era. Roosevelt's dismissal of the Black regiment without trial reflects the complex position of African American soldiers who served their country but faced systemic racism even in uniform. The Brownsville Affair, as it became known, would become a major constitutional crisis about presidential power and military justice, foreshadowing larger civil rights struggles to come. The incident also reveals the fracturing within Roosevelt's own Republican Party, with senators like Foraker beginning to challenge the President's increasingly imperial style of governance. This was Roosevelt at the height of his power, yet already facing the political headwinds that would complicate his later years and split the GOP.

Hidden Gems
  • Rev. J.C. Rawlings, the Methodist preacher sentenced to hang, 'admits hiring Alf Moore to kill the Carter family but says his boys knew nothing of the crime' — imagine explaining that moral calculus to your congregation
  • The new Sir Henry Echlin has worked as 'an insane asylum attendant, a prison warden, a policeman and a private soldier' before inheriting his baronetcy, yet still can't afford to quit his pub job
  • Mayor Schmitz and Boss Ruef of San Francisco, both facing corruption charges, 'coolly nodded to each other when they came into court today' but 'held none of those confidential talks in which they were wont to indulge'
  • Detective work paid off when Oscar Rohr, the silver thief, 'showed the detectives where he had six dozen silver spoons hidden' — quite the specific haul for a house burglar
  • The paper costs exactly 'TWO CENTS' according to the masthead — about 75 cents in today's money for a full newspaper
Fun Facts
  • Senator Foraker of Ohio, challenging Roosevelt here, would later become known as the 'fire alarm of the Senate' for his passionate speeches — and his law firm would eventually represent Standard Oil
  • This Twenty-fifth Infantry Regiment was one of the famous 'Buffalo Soldier' units that had fought in the Indian Wars and Spanish-American War, making Roosevelt's dismissal even more controversial
  • The Whiting Manufacturing Company mentioned in the silver theft story was a major silverware maker — their pieces are now valuable antiques worth thousands
  • Mayor Schmitz of San Francisco was actually a former violinist and orchestra leader before entering politics — talk about a career change to corruption
  • The year 1906 saw both the devastating San Francisco earthquake (which Schmitz had to manage) and now his corruption trial — quite a year for the former musician turned mayor
December 1, 1906 December 5, 1906

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