Saturday
August 5, 1865
Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Illinois, Cook
“August 1865: Indian War Ends, Admiral Captured (by Love), and a Rebel Agent Runs Off with the Cash”
Art Deco mural for August 5, 1865
Original newspaper scan from August 5, 1865
Original front page — Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The Chicago Tribune reports that the Indian War may be at an end, with an expedition returning to Sioux City after meeting with tribal representatives at Fort Benton who are "anxious for peace and a permanent treaty." Like their "civilized rebel friends," the paper notes, they "regard themselves as conquered, subjugated." Meanwhile, Confederate agents in Canada are in disarray after Jake Thompson, a rebel agent, disappeared with all the agency's assets—prompting the Tribune to quip that "Jake is a natural thief, and they knew it." Other notable news includes Admiral Dahlgren being "captured" by a lady—he married Mrs. Goddard, daughter of the late Hon. Samuel F. Vinton of Ohio, in New York yesterday. General Thomas Francis Meagher, described as "the noble Irish patriot," has been offered the position of Secretary of Montana by President Johnson and will likely accept. The paper also reports that 94 letters arrived at the Mexican Minister's office from former Union army officers volunteering to fight against the French dynasty in Mexico.

Why It Matters

This front page captures America in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War, as the nation grapples with multiple unfinished conflicts. While the rebellion has ended, the Indian Wars continue in the West, French forces occupy Mexico in defiance of the Monroe Doctrine, and the question of Reconstruction—including Black suffrage—dominates politics. The casual racism in the coverage reflects the era's attitudes, while stories about discharged soldiers being robbed and Southern refugees flooding Washington illustrate the war's ongoing human cost. The references to telegraph lines reaching Texas and railroad construction show a country rapidly rebuilding and expanding westward, even as fundamental questions about citizenship, voting rights, and America's role in the world remain unresolved.

Hidden Gems
  • Governor Oglesby of Illinois got his carriage stuck so badly in a mud hole that he had to abandon it and walk back, with the Tribune noting he 'left his carriage as a warning to others who were disposed to attempt the terrible pass'
  • The splendid new Mississippi steamer Ruth sold for $200,000—roughly $3.8 million in today's money
  • A Temperance Convention at Saratoga adopted resolutions against using 'intoxicating wines in the communion service' and banned both manufacture and use of native wines
  • Two cowardly miscreants defaced Rev. Dr. Reeves' African Methodist Church house by 'daubing the front of it all over with tar'—the Tribune adding they 'need catching and licking badly'
  • The head of the state (Governor Oglesby) 'got stuck in a mud hole yesterday, from which he was barely able to escape in person'
Fun Facts
  • General Thomas Francis Meagher, offered the Montana Secretary position, was a real Irish revolutionary who had been sentenced to death for treason against Britain, then escaped from penal colony in Tasmania before becoming a Union general
  • The frigate Congress mentioned as being raised after sinking in 1862 was actually the first victim of the ironclad CSS Virginia (formerly USS Merrimack) in the famous Battle of Hampton Roads
  • Admiral Dahlgren, who just got married, invented the Dahlgren gun—a distinctive bottle-shaped naval cannon that became the Union Navy's standard weapon during the Civil War
  • The American Fur Company accused of 'inciting Indians to warfare' was founded by John Jacob Astor and at its peak was one of the largest businesses in America
  • Jake Thompson, the Confederate agent who fled Canada with the money, was Jefferson Davis's former Secretary of the Interior and had organized failed raids into the U.S. from Canadian soil
Sensational Civil War Reconstruction War Conflict Politics Federal Politics International Crime Corruption Transportation Maritime
August 4, 1865 August 6, 1865

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