Monday
May 15, 1865
Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Chicago, Cook
“May 15, 1865: 'Coward!' Jefferson Davis captured in women's clothing”
Art Deco mural for May 15, 1865
Original newspaper scan from May 15, 1865
Original front page — Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The Chicago Tribune's front page blazes with news that would electrify a war-weary nation: Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederacy, has been captured! Colonel Pritchard and the 4th Michigan Cavalry surprised Davis and his entourage at dawn on May 10th in Irwinsville, Georgia, taking him along with his family and Confederate officials including Postmaster General Reagan. The Tribune practically froths with vengeance, calling Davis 'the embodiment of treason' and 'the murderer of thousands' who deserves 'a felon's doom as richly as any culprit that ever graced a rope.' The paper reserves special fury for Davis's role in the horrors of Andersonville prison, declaring 'The ghosts of Andersonville will haunt us to the last day if their unspeakable wrongs shall go unpunished.' Meanwhile, the conspiracy trial for Lincoln's assassination continues in Washington, with reporters finally admitted after the ban of secrecy was lifted. Detective John Lee testified about searching the Kirkwood House room of suspect George Atzerodt, finding a navy revolver, bowie knife, and crucially, a bank book from Ontario Bank of Canada showing Booth credited with £156.

Why It Matters

This front page captures America at a pivotal moment—just one month after Lincoln's assassination and Lee's surrender at Appomattox. The nation is simultaneously celebrating the capture of the Confederate president while grappling with the trauma of losing their own leader to an assassin's bullet. The detailed coverage of both Davis's capture and the ongoing conspiracy trial reflects a country desperate for justice and closure after four years of devastating civil war. With Union armies converging on Washington for victory parades, America stands poised between the end of one chapter and the uncertain beginning of Reconstruction.

Hidden Gems
  • Davis was captured while 'attired in his wife's clothes' and his gender was only revealed 'by the boots which he displayed in the course of an exciting foot race' when trying to escape
  • In Atzerodt's hotel room, investigators found handkerchiefs marked 'Mary T. Booth'—suggesting a personal connection between the conspirators
  • A banker named Bruce in Keithsburg, Mercer County, Illinois absconded with $20,000 of depositors' money—about $350,000 today
  • The Albany Cattle Market was so depressed that drovers suffered 'an aggregate loss of full $5,000 for the same period' with prices declining over one cent per pound
  • Gold had fallen 13 cents on the dollar during the week, with Spring Wheat dropping from $1.91-1.95 to $1.61-1.70
Fun Facts
  • The paper mentions that William Lloyd Garrison, the famous abolitionist who spent decades opposing capital punishment, reportedly said 'if the nation takes Jeff. Davis prisoner, and does not hang him, the nation is recreant to itself'—a stunning reversal of his lifelong principles
  • The Ontario Bank of Canada book found in Booth's possession showed he had £156 in October 1864—worth about $8,000 today, suggesting the conspiracy was well-funded
  • General McDowell suppressed the California newspaper 'Alexander Dispatch' for 'extolling the assassination of the President'—showing how Lincoln's murder created a nationwide crackdown on Confederate sympathizers
  • The Treasury was issuing $230 million in 'seven-thirties' bonds, giving the government the option to pay 6% interest in gold instead of 7.3% in currency—a critical move to stabilize post-war finances
  • Even the 'most inveterate tory journals' in London were expressing 'high appreciation of the noble qualities of the late President'—Lincoln's assassination had created unprecedented international sympathy for America
Sensational Civil War Reconstruction Politics Federal Crime Trial War Conflict Crime Violent
May 14, 1865 May 16, 1865

Also on May 15

1846
WAR FEVER: 15,000 Cheering Americans Pledge Their Lives to Mexico, May 1846
The daily union (Washington [D.C.])
1856
May 1856: How America's Railroads Connected a Nation on the Brink of Collapse
Washington sentinel (City of Washington [D.C.])
1861
Maryland's Governor Denies Sneaking Conspirators Into His Bedroom—May 15, 1861
The daily exchange (Baltimore, Md.)
1862
A Hawaiian Pastor's Radical Sermon on When Rebellion Is Justified (1862)
The Pacific commercial advertiser (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands)
1863
How Connecticut's Secret Powder Mills Won the Revolution—and Why No One...
The Willimantic journal (Willimantic, Conn.)
1864
Atlanta, May 1864: Sherman's Advance, A Judge's Farewell, and the South's Last...
Memphis daily appeal (Memphis, Tenn.)
1866
100 Hours to New York: How New Orleans Raced to Rejoin America (via Railroad)
New Orleans daily crescent ([New Orleans, La.])
1876
The Day America Showed the World Who It Had Become: The Centennial Exposition...
Weekly Arkansas gazette (Little Rock, Ark.)
1886
1,500 Guests, Gray Uniforms & a Legendary Band: Maine's Most Elaborate Military...
Daily Kennebec journal (Augusta, Me.)
1896
Labor's Great Reckoning: Three Million Workers, Two Factions, and the Future of...
The Oregon mist (St. Helens, Columbia County, Or.)
1906
1906: Murder Mystery in Maine & 165,000 Still Fed Daily in San Francisco
Daily Kennebec journal (Augusta, Me.)
1926
🇵🇱 800 Dead in Polish Revolution & A Hoosier Housewife's Derby Pick Will...
The Indianapolis times (Indianapolis [Ind.])
1927
May 15, 1927: The Great Flood Claims Louisiana as Hoover Takes Command—and Oil...
Brownsville herald (Brownsville, Tex.)
View all 13 years →

Wake Up to History

Every morning: one front page from exactly 100 years ago, with context, hidden gems, and an original Art Deco mural. Free.

Subscribe Free