Saturday
April 15, 1865
The Placer herald (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) — Auburn, Placer
“The Vice President Was Drunk: A Shocking 1865 Inauguration Scandal”
Art Deco mural for April 15, 1865
Original newspaper scan from April 15, 1865
Original front page — The Placer herald (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The front page is dominated by a shocking account from the New York Herald describing Andrew Johnson's disastrous performance at Lincoln's second inauguration on March 4th. The detailed report reveals Johnson arrived at the vice-presidential swearing-in ceremony apparently intoxicated, delivering what witnesses called a 'ninety-ninth rate stump speech' that left Republican senators hanging their heads in shame and foreign ministers staring in 'unmistakable amazement.' The account describes Johnson rambling incoherently about being 'a plebian' and lecturing cabinet members, while senators whispered 'What a shame!' and 'Tell him to stop and save the country further disgrace.' The scene was so mortifying that Senate reporters were ordered to suppress their transcripts. Beyond this political scandal, the paper features warnings about debt repudiation from Congressman Thaddeus Stevens, who predicted the war debt would reach $4 billion requiring $240 million in gold interest payments annually.

Why It Matters

This April 15, 1865 edition captures America at a pivotal moment - just days before Lincoln's assassination would thrust the very same Andrew Johnson described here into the presidency. The detailed account of Johnson's inauguration debacle takes on tragic significance knowing he would soon inherit leadership of a war-torn nation. Meanwhile, Stevens' debt repudiation warnings reflect the enormous financial strain of the Civil War, with the federal government facing unprecedented borrowing that would reshape American fiscal policy for generations. The paper's California perspective on national politics shows how even remote mining communities were deeply invested in the outcome of the conflict that was finally nearing its end.

Hidden Gems
  • The paper's subscription required payment 'in Gold and Silver-Invariably in Advance' for $6.00 per year - reflecting California's gold-based economy during the Civil War
  • Hall & Allen bankers advertised they 'make advances on Gold Dust continued for Assay or coinage' and pay 'HIGHEST PRICE PAID FOR GOLD DUST' - showing the raw mechanics of California's gold rush economy
  • A peculiar remedy for balky horses is described: 'Fill his mouth with dirt or gravel from the road and he will go' - with detailed accounts of this method successfully tried on Market Street in San Francisco
  • The 'Chamois Drill' was being promoted as a mining innovation that could 'do two or three times as much work' by cutting chambers in drill holes for more effective blasting
  • Legal notices specify that refusing to take a newspaper from the office 'is prima facica evidence of intentional fraud' according to court decisions
Fun Facts
  • The Wells Fargo banking operation mentioned here was simultaneously running the Pony Express and stagecoach lines that connected California to the rest of America - making them the backbone of Western communication
  • Thaddeus Stevens, quoted warning about the $4 billion war debt, would later lead Lincoln's impeachment proceedings against this very same Andrew Johnson described as drunk at the inauguration
  • The reference to 'Bourbon county, Kentucky' as Johnson's drinking source was a sly political joke - Bourbon County was indeed famous for whiskey production, making it the perfect insult for a temperance-era audience
  • California's clothing manufacturers mentioned in the paper were positioning to compete with East Coast production just as the transcontinental railroad was about to transform shipping costs forever
  • The Napoleon quote about the Bourbon restoration proves prophetic - he predicted another French revolution within 20 years, and the July Revolution of 1830 occurred exactly 20 years after his St. Helena comments
Sensational Civil War Reconstruction Politics Federal Politics Corruption Economy Banking Legislation
April 14, 1865 April 16, 1865

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