Tuesday
March 28, 1865
The Portland daily press (Portland, Me.) — Cumberland, Portland
“1865: Sherman's slaves ask 'Is you Mr. Sherman?' as the Confederacy crumbles”
Art Deco mural for March 28, 1865
Original newspaper scan from March 28, 1865
Original front page — The Portland daily press (Portland, Me.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The front page is dominated by vivid accounts from General Sherman's march through the Carolinas, just weeks before the Civil War's end. A New York correspondent describes Sherman's remarkable encounter with escaped slaves near Cheraw, where the freed people express both fear and fascination: 'God bless me, is you Mr. Sherman?' they ask, having heard Confederate cavalry 'run away from de Yanks as if dey fright to death' at the very mention of his name. Sherman responds with surprising gentleness, telling them 'You are now free... you can go where you please' and advising them to seek farms in Beaufort or Charleston. The correspondent also paints a devastating picture of slavery's impact on white society, describing South Carolina landowners as 'amongst the most degraded specimens of humanity' he's encountered - more slovenly than French peasants or Russian serfs, 'disgustingly filthy' and 'provokingly lazy.' He calls them 'South Carolinians, not Americans,' representing both 'the scum and the dregs of civilization.'

Why It Matters

These dispatches capture a pivotal moment as the Confederacy crumbles and four million enslaved people gain their freedom. Sherman's March to the Sea had already devastated Georgia; now his forces are carving through the Carolinas, bringing the reality of emancipation to the heartland of secession. The intimate dialogue between Sherman and the escaped slaves reveals the complex human drama of liberation unfolding across the South. Meanwhile, the war's end is imminent - Lee will surrender to Grant at Appomattox in just two weeks. These accounts document not just military victory, but the beginning of Reconstruction's massive social transformation, as four million newly freed people navigate their first taste of liberty.

Hidden Gems
  • The Siamese Twins (Chang and Eng) are living quietly on a North Carolina plantation with their wives - who are sisters - but family drama has erupted because 'one had a sixth child, and this awoke envy and jealously to such a degree that the two sisters would no longer live under the same roof'
  • A negro woman shot during skirmishing describes the bullet's sound: 'I heard a b-z-z-z-z-z, and dat jus knock me down... I'se so glad dat not dead, for if I died den do bad man would get me, cos I dance lately a heap'
  • The 'C-O-D MAN' is running a full-page ad offering warranted boots and shoes, asking readers 'ARE YOU READY?' and promising 'New Pairs will be given with pleasure' for defective footwear - apparently the first large-scale product warranty in trade history
  • Piano dealer Calvin Edwards & Co. advertises they can sell instruments 'as LOW as can be purchased elsewhere' and specifically mentions carrying 'STEINWAY & SONS, of NEW YORK' among their stock
Fun Facts
  • Sherman's psychological warfare was so effective that Confederate cavalry 'jumped into de river' and 'lost here bosses' just at the mention of his name - this reputation would later help him become commanding general of the entire U.S. Army
  • The Siamese Twins mentioned in the paper had consulted London surgeons about separation surgery, but when doctors tied a ligature around their connecting tissue, 'the smaller of the two fainted away' - they would live connected until their deaths in 1874, just hours apart
  • Portland's Daily Press was charging $8 per year for subscriptions (about $140 today) and 20 cents per line for business notices - showing how expensive information was in an era before mass media
  • The paper's reference to 'Mrs. Manchester, the Independent Clairvoyant' reflects the 1860s spiritualism craze that swept America after so much Civil War death - even Mary Todd Lincoln held séances in the White House
  • March 28, 1865 fell on a Tuesday, meaning readers were getting relatively fresh news of Sherman's march - telegraph lines allowed near real-time reporting of military campaigns for the first time in human history
Triumphant Civil War Reconstruction War Conflict Military Civil Rights Economy Trade
March 27, 1865 March 29, 1865

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