Monday
February 18, 1861
New Orleans daily crescent ([New Orleans, La.]) — Louisiana, New Orleans
“Actors in Gray: The Day New Orleans Comedians Traded the Stage for War (Feb 18, 1861)”
Art Deco mural for February 18, 1861
Original newspaper scan from February 18, 1861
Original front page — New Orleans daily crescent ([New Orleans, La.]) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The New Orleans Daily Crescent leads with a gleeful, sarcastic dispatch: actors from the Varieties Theater have formed a military company and volunteered for Confederate service. The headline screams "THE WAR IS GINNING AT LAST" and "THE 'VARIETIES VOLUNTEERS' BESIEGED." The paper devotes considerable space to mocking Northern newspapers for their ridicule of these theatrical soldiers—reprinting caustic commentary from the New York Leader, New York Times, and St. Louis Enquirer about actors "playing soldier." But beneath the mockery lies genuine pride: the company includes John Owens (a celebrated comedian), Mark Smith, and others who have "thrown the woolen mantle aside" to embrace the Confederate cause. The paper names specific officers: Captain George Jordan, First Lieutenant Owens, and Second Lieutenant A. D. Davenport (formerly aide-de-camp to Pennsylvania's governor). The Crescent's tone oscillates wildly—sardonically defending these men's martial abilities while also noting their theatrical training in fencing and "the short sword" might actually make them formidable soldiers. There's a bittersweet edge too: the paper reminds readers that these Northern-born actors have been paid good salaries by New Orleans audiences for years, yet now threaten to "cleave us to the chin" on the battlefield.

Why It Matters

This article captures a pivotal moment: just five weeks after Louisiana seceded (January 26, 1861) and five months before Fort Sumter, the Confederacy was actively militarizing civilian life. Actors enlisting wasn't unusual—it symbolized the total mobilization of society. What's striking is the paper's ambivalence. New Orleans was still a cosmopolitan port city with deep Northern commercial ties; many residents had close friends and business partners in the North. The Crescent's mixture of boasting, sarcasm, and nostalgia reflects the emotional chaos of the moment—pride in Southern resistance mingled with genuine sadness at severing American bonds. The paper's defensive reprinting of Northern jokes shows the Confederacy was already acutely sensitive to mockery from the Union press.

Hidden Gems
  • The paper specifically notes that A. D. Davenport was born in Connecticut and previously served as aide-de-camp to the governor of Pennsylvania—yet he's now a Confederate officer. This captures the profound geographic and ideological fracturing happening in real time.
  • Among the private soldiers listed are 'Chippindale, a Christian, a patriot and philanthropist,' and 'Paul Brilliant, a Frenchman [and] corual painter.' The Varieties company was genuinely international—these weren't just local volunteers but European performers choosing sides in an American conflict.
  • The paper casually mentions these actors have served in military campaigns before: 'They have secured their blood-debt at Yorktown relieved in service mention in the Indian country; been at the siege of Algiers, on service; have fought on the plains of Peru, with Pizarro.' These theatrical soldiers had actual combat experience from European conflicts.
  • John Owens, the lead comedian, is highlighted as genuinely sincere about the cause—'in his late engagement here the prose, defrauded and the forgot attribute, may be pardoned.' The paper grants him credit for genuine patriotism amid the theatrical farce.
  • The paper advertises a major theatrical production the same night: 'Jeanie Deans, or the Heart of Mid-Lothian,' adapted from Walter Scott's novel, with full company participation—even as these same actors are militarizing. Theater and war were literally happening simultaneously on the same stage.
Fun Facts
  • John Owens, mentioned prominently as a Confederate volunteer, was a genuinely famous American comedian of his era. That a major theatrical star would enlist in a military company during wartime seemed absurd enough for Northern papers to mock mercilessly—yet it was happening across both sides throughout the Civil War.
  • The paper mentions 'the late lamented Mr. Kirby' as a precedent for Davenport's patriotic fervor—suggesting a theatrical tradition of actors switching to military uniform. This casual reference shows how normalized the actor-soldier figure had become by 1861.
  • A. D. Davenport's previous position as Pennsylvania governor's aide-de-camp meant he was switching allegiance from a Union state to the Confederacy—a personal act of secession that mirrored the larger political fracture happening at that exact moment.
  • The Crescent's sarcastic defense of these actors' martial prowess—claiming their stage fencing and theatrical training made them formidable soldiers—was actually not entirely wrong. Many Civil War officers discovered that theatrical bearing and dramatic presence could inspire troops under fire.
  • The paper was published by J. O. Nixon at 70 Camp Street for $10 per year (daily) or $8 (weekly)—yet the Varieties Theater was still advertising productions and holding benefits simultaneously. In February 1861, New Orleans was still conducting business as usual while the nation tore itself apart.
Contentious Civil War War Conflict Military Entertainment Politics State
February 17, 1861 February 19, 1861

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