Tuesday
April 12, 1927
New Britain herald (New Britain, Conn.) — New Britain, Connecticut
“What Americans Got Dangerously Wrong About China (And It Cost Them Everything)”
Art Deco mural for April 12, 1927
Original newspaper scan from April 12, 1927
Original front page — New Britain herald (New Britain, Conn.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

China is descending into chaos, and Americans are learning a hard lesson about their place in the world. Sterling Fessenden, chairman of Shanghai's municipal council, warns that foreigners—especially Americans—may never regain their pre-1927 standing in China. For years, American businessmen convinced themselves they were different from the aloof British, treating Chinese as equals. The missionaries believed their religion had truly transformed Chinese character. All of it was delusion, Fessenden says bluntly. The Nanking incident of March 24, where anti-foreign mobs killed foreigners indiscriminately, shattered that myth. Now Chiang Kai-shek's moderate forces are turning on communist-backed labor unions in Shanghai, with a dozen killed in factional fighting. Meanwhile, the five-power demand for apologies over Nanking remains unanswered. Closer to home, New Britain is breaking ground on a World War memorial at Walnut Hill Park, with Mayor Weld striking the ceremonial first sod with a gold-plated shovel. And theatrical producer Earl Carroll surrenders to federal marshals today to begin his sentence for perjury connected to that infamous 'bath tub' party from last year.

Why It Matters

This April 1927 moment captures America grappling with the end of its post-war innocence. The 1920s boom made American businessmen and missionaries believe they could reshape the world in their image—that commerce and Christianity transcended culture. China's civil war shatters that confidence. Meanwhile, at home, America is memorializing the Great War, trying to convince itself it was worth the sacrifice and that peace now reigns. The Carroll case symbolizes another 1920s disillusionment: the gap between the glittering surface of Jazz Age excess and its legal consequences. This is the moment when Americans start learning that their global influence has limits, and their prosperity doesn't guarantee wisdom.

Hidden Gems
  • Fessenden spent 25 years in Shanghai and still doesn't see a quick resolution—he predicts the 'present military struggle in China may continue for a number of years,' yet somehow believes a single 'powerful leader' could still bring stability. History would prove him spectacularly wrong; China wouldn't stabilize for decades.
  • The Woodbridge constables charged with extortion were allegedly demanding $50 'bonds' from parked couples—the state's attorney admits 'other persons have complained about extortion by the constables, but do not desire to appear and press the charges.' Small-town corruption went unpunished because victims were too embarrassed.
  • Pasquale Bavagino, 23, died from a ruptured liver after colliding with a coworker while chasing a baseball during lunch break at a factory. He was his family's sole support. No worker's compensation mentioned—just tragedy.
  • A workman named Alphonse Brosseau was struck by a heavy steel girder at the Sacred Heart school construction site—the third accident reported there in just weeks. No safety regulations mentioned, no inspections called for, just brief documentation of injury.
  • Mrs. Edith Johnson, 43, was arrested on prostitution charges during her daughter's assault case—the daughter was 11 years old. The courtroom drama is buried in a few paragraphs, but the implications are staggering and barely examined in the reporting.
Fun Facts
  • Sterling Fessenden warns that 'bolshevism has permeated the masses in China as no other foreign doctrine has done'—in April 1927, Americans were genuinely terrified that communist ideology spreading through Asia would eventually reach American shores. This fear would drive U.S. foreign policy and domestic security obsessions for the next 50 years.
  • Earl Carroll surrenders to federal marshals to serve time for the 'bath tub' party scandal. That infamous 1926 party—where a nude actress reportedly bathed in a champagne-filled tub—became such a sensation that Carroll's name became synonymous with Jazz Age excess. He'd later rebuild his career and create the famous Earl Carroll's Vanities theater shows, proving that 1920s scandal was often a stepping stone, not a dead end.
  • The World War memorial being dedicated in New Britain was one of thousands erected across America in the 1920s—communities large and small rushed to memorialize the 116,000 American dead. By 1927, most were already complete, reflecting America's need to process and consecrate the war's meaning almost immediately after it ended.
  • The paper notes that British warships were being dispatched to Weihaiwei, a leased British port in Shantung, due to 'threatened disturbances.' Britain still maintained a global naval empire in 1927, but these dispatch reports read like the dying gasps of colonial power—within 20 years, Japan, not Chinese nationalists, would be the threat, and Britain's ability to project force would be permanently diminished.
  • The casualty count in the Big Flats farm fire—six dead including four children, ages 6 months to 6 years—was shocking enough to make front page news. No mention of building codes, fire escapes, or prevention. In 1927, house fires were still treated as acts of God, not preventable disasters.
Anxious Roaring Twenties World War I Politics International Diplomacy War Conflict Crime Trial Disaster Fire
April 11, 1927 April 13, 1927

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