Tuesday
April 5, 1927
New Britain herald (New Britain, Conn.) — Hartford, New Britain
“Fleeing Peking: When America's China Adventure Began to Crack (April 5, 1927)”
Art Deco mural for April 5, 1927
Original newspaper scan from April 5, 1927
Original front page — New Britain herald (New Britain, Conn.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The front page screams with urgency about the collapse of Chinese stability. The Cantonese nationalist army is marching northward toward Peking, forcing American citizens to flee in what may become a mass evacuation. President Coolidge convened his cabinet to discuss the crisis—some 915 Americans live in Peking alone, with another 636 in Tientsin. The U.S. military is preparing Tientsin as a concentration point for refugees, with Admiral Williams standing ready to protect them by sea. Protesters from America, Britain, and Japan are expected any moment regarding the "Nanking incident," where foreigners were attacked. Meanwhile, Shanghai's international settlement is already heavily fortified. The chaos is so severe that missionaries are refusing to leave the interior provinces, and entire regions are experiencing mass evacuations. It's a snapshot of empire collapsing and foreign powers scrambling to protect their nationals.

Why It Matters

This moment captures the Chinese Nationalist revolution at a crucial turning point—the Cantonese forces represent the Kuomintang's push to unify China and expel foreign interests. For Americans reading this in 1927, it meant real concern about U.S. citizens abroad and America's shrinking sphere of influence in Asia. The Coolidge administration had to balance naval limitations talks with the British and Japanese (which France was refusing to join) while simultaneously preparing for possible combat evacuation in China. This tension between disarmament diplomacy and military readiness in Asia defined late-1920s American foreign policy—the era believed it could engineer peace through conferences while maintaining enough firepower to protect commerce and citizens.

Hidden Gems
  • The town clerk of Canaan, Missouri actually issued marriage licenses—and Mrs. Lettie Foster had just weeks earlier blocked a 14-year-old named Willie Buzzell from marrying a divorced woman, but approved his 17-year-old brother Elmer's application to marry the same woman because 'as long as Elmer is more than 16 he can have a license.' Willie responded by going to work in a toothpick factory to 'forgive and forget.'
  • John Lapotosky, an 18-year-old assistant timekeeper, fell 47 feet down an elevator shaft at a new bank building and lay dead in a pool of water for 5 hours before being found—and no one witnessed it. The only clue was a broken board that had been struck by something.
  • Mrs. Inga Nelson of New Britain died at 95 after living in Sweden until her husband's death 24 years earlier—yet the obituary states she 'lived in her native country until the death of her husband' and 'took up her home...in this city' about 24 years ago, meaning she came to America in her late 60s and remained remarkably active, doing household chores and reading newspapers until nearly her 96th year.
  • The Massachusetts Supreme Court refused a new trial for Sacco and Vanzetti based on an alleged confession by another death-row inmate, Celestino Madeiros—this appears to be the infamous 1927 decision that kept them on death row just months before their execution.
  • The Federal Radio Commission decided NOT to expand broadcasting frequency bands, stating it would cause 'manifest inconvenience to the listening public'—but quietly reserved experimental frequencies between 1,500-2,000 kilocycles specifically 'whether for the ear or the eye,' anticipating television decades before it existed.
Fun Facts
  • The page mentions Marshal Feng Yu-Hsiang, the 'Christian general,' suddenly appearing in the Cantonese military council. Feng was genuinely one of the most colorful warlords of the era—he'd baptize entire armies and once allegedly threw opium into the Yellow River to demonstrate his anti-drug commitment. His sudden allegiance shift shows how fluid Chinese politics were in 1927.
  • President Coolidge's cabinet meeting about evacuating American citizens from Peking happened the same day France officially declined to participate in the naval arms limitation conference—meaning Coolidge had to manage both a potential military crisis in Asia and a diplomatic failure in Europe simultaneously, yet the page shows he remained 'optimistic' about Geneva talks.
  • The Sacco-Vanzetti decision appears here without fanfare—just a brief mention that the Massachusetts Supreme Court upheld Judge Webster Thayer's refusal of a new trial. This decision would lead directly to their execution on August 23, 1927, just months away, which would become one of the most controversial executions in American history.
  • New Britain Herald's circulation was 14,001 for the week—a surprisingly precise figure for a medium-sized Connecticut city, suggesting rigorous ABC (Audit Bureau of Circulations) tracking was already standard practice in 1927.
  • A woman named Theresa Gnaindel sued August Mandl for $10,000 for breach of promise after he lived with her for 7 years, promised marriage, then wed someone else. She claimed her housework and childcare was worth $25/week—yet this 'promise to marry' suit was still viable in Connecticut courts, a legal theory that would largely disappear within a decade as attitudes toward cohabitation shifted.
Anxious Roaring Twenties Politics International Diplomacy War Conflict Military Immigration
April 4, 1927 April 6, 1927

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