Saratoga Springs has officially opened its summer gambling season, but with a major twist that has the sporting crowd buzzing. Only three gambling houses will be allowed to operate this year - Canfield's, the Manhattan (run by 'Deacon' James Westcott and James Welsh), and the United States Club on Woodlawn Avenue. But here's the kicker: they must operate 'behind closed doors' with no open gaming visible to diners or passersby. The famous Richard Canfield initially threatened to shut down entirely rather than close the connecting doors between his restaurant and gaming room, declaring it would ruin the atmosphere that made his place special. Meanwhile, 'Jolly Joe' Ullman and 'Big Jim' Kennedy have been completely shut out, with Ullman getting word after midnight to remove his equipment from the Bridge Club or face a raid. The Cavanagh special train brought over 1,200 racing enthusiasts to town in twenty Pullman cars, escorted by fifty Pinkerton detectives - officially for security, but rumor has it they're really there to monitor a high-stakes poker game between financier A.B. Hudson and Chicago's Daniel O'Leary.
This represents a fascinating compromise in America's ongoing battle over vice and moral reform. Rather than the complete prohibition that temperance advocates demanded, Saratoga's authorities chose regulation - allowing gambling to continue but forcing it underground and limiting its visibility. This middle-ground approach reflected the complex reality of Gilded Age America, where moral reformers, business interests, and political machines constantly negotiated the boundaries of acceptable behavior. The involvement of Pinkerton detectives also highlights how private security was becoming essential for protecting the wealthy's leisure activities in an era of growing class tensions.
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