New Hampshire's Supreme Court has dealt a crushing blow to the gambling industry, ruling that horse race betting, book-making, and pool-selling are illegal at the New England Breeders' Club's Salem track. The decision came after Governor John McLane and his council, responding to pressure from religious groups and citizens, asked the court whether such activities would violate state law. The ruling is devastating for the club, which has already spent "several hundred thousand dollars" building Buckingham Park and secured a six-week racing schedule from the Jockey Club for the upcoming summer season. Meanwhile, Major General Wood is defending American soldiers in the Philippines against charges of deliberately killing women and children during fighting against the Moros near Jolo. Wood claims the deaths occurred because Moro fighters used women and children as human shields, many women wore men's clothing making identification impossible, and some feigned death to attack American medical personnel. The controversy has drawn attention from Secretary of War Taft, who has demanded a full explanation of the civilian casualties.
These stories capture America grappling with two defining issues of the early 1900s: moral reform and imperial expansion. The horse racing decision reflects the growing influence of Progressive Era reformers who sought to eliminate gambling, drinking, and other vices from American society. Religious groups were increasingly flexing their political muscle to reshape public morality through legal channels. Simultaneously, the Philippines controversy illustrates the brutal realities of America's new role as a colonial power. The Moro Wars represented some of the fiercest resistance to American rule, and allegations of atrocities against civilians would fuel growing anti-imperialist sentiment back home.
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