“1866: Vienna Suicide Epidemic, Cuban Revolution Brewing, and 'Extra Billy's' Loyal Ex-Slave”
What's on the Front Page
The front page of this New Orleans paper is dominated by international politics, with extensive coverage of England's struggling reform bill that would extend voting rights. The bill barely passed its second reading in the House of Commons by just 5 votes (318 against 313), and the paper predicts it will likely be "slaughtered" in committee or killed by amendments in the House of Lords. The analysis notes this isn't like the successful 1832 reform movement, as the aristocracy feels no terror from such a slim margin.
Closer to home, the paper features a fascinating letter from Havana describing growing Cuban discontent with Spanish rule. The correspondent reports that revolutionary handbills are circulating among Creoles calling for uprising "without distinction of color," though he dismissively notes that Cubans prefer paper protests to actual fighting since they don't "love strife and danger any more than he does work." The letter also mentions U.S. authorities increasing surveillance of the island, with the USS Corwin recently cruising Cuban waters under the pretense of surveying for a telegraph cable but really hunting smugglers.
Why It Matters
This May 1866 edition captures America during the tumultuous first year of Reconstruction. Just one year after the Civil War's end, the nation was grappling with how to rebuild and reintegrate the South while defining citizenship and voting rights for freed slaves. The paper's detailed analysis of English suffrage debates reflects these same democratic questions playing out domestically - who deserves the vote, and how should political power be distributed?
Meanwhile, the Cuban correspondence reveals America's growing Caribbean interests. With slavery abolished at home, Southern planters and politicians were increasingly looking to Cuba and other slave territories. The mention of increased U.S. naval surveillance and postal treaty negotiations shows how quickly America was asserting regional influence in the post-war period.
Hidden Gems
- A suicide epidemic is gripping Vienna - Mr. Tnera, head of an autographic correspondence service, poisoned his entire family (wife, 19-year-old daughter, and two sons aged 17 and 12) before killing himself after gambling losses, while Baron Sian's cashier cut his throat and the Credit Mobilier cashier embezzled 200,000 florins
- Ex-Confederate Jacob Thompson (President Buchanan's former Interior Secretary) is living in Paris after fleeing Egypt, claiming he has 'ample evidence' from the President that he had no connection to Lincoln's assassination conspiracy and wants the ban removed so he can return to Mississippi
- In Cuba, a patriotic subscription to aid Spain in the Chilean war raised only $60,000, with Cubans openly sympathizing with Spain's enemies and celebrating every Spanish military defeat
- Ex-Louisiana Governor H.W. Allen died in Mexico City on April 22nd from Civil War wounds and was buried in full Confederate uniform at his own request
- George, a freed slave, followed his former master 'Extra Billy' Smith (ex-Virginia Governor) from the First Battle of Manassas through the surrender and to his postwar farm, saying he'll stay forever because he 'knows on which side of the bread the butter is to be found'
Fun Facts
- That struggling English reform bill mentioned on the front page would eventually help pave the way for the Reform Act of 1867, which doubled the British electorate - just as America was wrestling with the 15th Amendment guaranteeing voting rights regardless of 'race, color, or previous condition of servitude'
- The USS Corwin mentioned cruising Cuban waters under telegraph cable pretenses was the same ship that would later carry naturalist John Muir on his famous 1881 Arctic expedition, leading to his influential writings about Alaska
- 'Extra Billy' Smith, the Virginia ex-governor mentioned as happily farming with his loyal former slaves, got his nickname from his profitable mail contracts that paid 'extra' fees - he was 79 years old in 1866 and had served as governor twice, making him one of the most colorful Confederate political survivors
- The Cuban correspondent's dismissive comment about Creoles preferring 'paper fulminations' to actual revolution proved premature - those same grievances would eventually explode into the Ten Years' War starting in 1868, Cuba's first major independence struggle
- New Orleans in May 1866 was still under military occupation as part of the Fifth Military District, making this newspaper's extensive international coverage a striking contrast to the federal troops patrolling its own streets
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