Friday
October 13, 1865
The weekly pioneer and Democrat (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) — Ramsey, Minnesota
“1865: Union General Caught Red-Handed Stealing $120K + The Secret Offer to Robert E. Lee”
Art Deco mural for October 13, 1865
Original newspaper scan from October 13, 1865
Original front page — The weekly pioneer and Democrat (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The front page is dominated by a shocking tale of military corruption: Brigadier General J.C. Briscoe of the 109th Pennsylvania Volunteers has been arrested and thrown into Old Capitol prison for attempting to rob $120,000 in greenbacks plus captured Confederate gold and bullion from the Quartermaster's safe at Lynchburg, Virginia. The Irish-born general, who had commanded the post since Lee's surrender, conspired with former sutler A.W. Lackey of Massachusetts to stage the heist and frame a Confederate officer by claiming he had a duplicate key. Federal agents watched through holes in the ceiling as Briscoe used a false key to unlock the safe, load himself with nearly $150,000, and even tried to burn down the building to cover his tracks. They burst in on him while he was counting the stolen money behind his bolted office door. Elsewhere, the paper reveals that Robert E. Lee was secretly offered command of the entire Union Army before Virginia seceded. According to Montgomery Blair, his father met with Lee for over an hour at Blair's house, where Lee said 'secession was anarchy' and that he would 'cheerfully sacrifice' all 4 million Southern slaves to preserve the Union—but couldn't draw his sword against his native Virginia.

Why It Matters

These stories capture America's messy transition from Civil War to peace in 1865. With the war officially over, the country was grappling with massive demobilization, corruption among military officials handling vast sums of captured Confederate assets, and the complex loyalties that had torn the nation apart. Lee's revelation shows how close the Union came to having the South's greatest general leading Northern forces—a twist that could have changed everything. Meanwhile, cotton manufacturers were gouging consumers with profits of 100-500%, highlighting the economic disruption as the nation shifted from wartime to peacetime production. The detailed breakdown of British government costs suggests Americans were still defining their democratic identity in contrast to monarchical excess.

Hidden Gems
  • The 'dead' man John Redman who came back to life in his coffin caused such terror that his own wife fainted and refused to return home all day, even after being assured he might recover
  • Lord Rodney's heirs receive $12,500 a year forever from the British government, while every future Lord Nelson gets double that amount for perpetuity
  • The British pay the heirs of Dutch Duke of Schomberg $12,800 annually for helping William of Orange fight the Battle of the Boyne—a foreign nobleman's family still collecting British taxpayer money
  • General Briscoe had the audacity to plan arresting 'half the people of Lynchburg' to avert suspicion from his own theft
  • The front page features a charming poem about schoolgirls titled 'School Girls' by Fitz Green Halleck, describing them as 'outflown from their school-room cages' in 'summer smiles and summer dresses'
Fun Facts
  • That $120,000 General Briscoe tried to steal would be worth over $2 million today—making this one of the largest military embezzlement attempts in Civil War history
  • Robert E. Lee's secret meeting with the Blairs happened at the same house where crucial Union strategy was planned—imagine if Lee had accepted and led Union forces against his fellow Southerners
  • The British Lord Chancellor mentioned earned $50,000 annually in 1865 (about $850,000 today), but many gave up private law practices worth $100,000-150,000 to take the job
  • The Marlborough family has collected over $3.2 million from British taxpayers since 1702 for the Duke's military service—on top of receiving Blenheim Palace and estate as gifts
  • John Redman's resurrection from his coffin represents a common 19th-century fear when medical knowledge was limited—Edgar Allan Poe's stories of premature burial weren't just fiction
Sensational Civil War Reconstruction Crime Corruption Military War Conflict Politics Federal
October 10, 1865 October 14, 1865

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