Saturday
August 12, 1865
Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Illinois, Cook
“1865: When a reporter got kicked off the world's biggest ship & 100 died in a Lake Huron disaster”
Art Deco mural for August 12, 1865
Original newspaper scan from August 12, 1865
Original front page — Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The front page of the Chicago Tribune is dominated by news of the Atlantic cable's apparent failure. The Great Eastern steamship, attempting to lay the second transatlantic telegraph cable, has reportedly turned back to England after 700 miles of cable were found to have destroyed insulation. Engineer Everett, who worked on the first failed Atlantic cable attempt, believes this second effort is also doomed. Meanwhile, closer to home, a horrific collision on Lake Huron has claimed around 100 lives when the steamer Pewabic was struck by the Meteor and sank within moments, despite clear visibility that evening. The paper also reports on the ongoing aftermath of the Civil War's end just four months prior. The Presidential mansion is under siege by Southerners seeking pardons from President Johnson, with 'a full two weeks consignment' arriving in a single day. The army is rapidly demobilizing — over sixty regiments have been discharged in just seven days since August 5th. In financial news that hints at post-war corruption, the Phoenix Bank defalcation has ballooned to $375,000, and accomplice James H. Earle committed suicide in his cell after confessing to receiving $100,000 from the defaulting teller, which he lost in stock gambling.

Why It Matters

This front page captures America in August 1865 — a nation simultaneously trying to heal from civil war while reaching toward technological marvels that would connect it to the world. The Atlantic cable represented the Victorian era's moonshot: the dream of instant communication across oceans. Its failure symbolized the gap between ambition and capability that defined the period. Meanwhile, the flood of Confederate pardons seekers reflects the messy reality of Reconstruction. Just months after Lincoln's assassination, Andrew Johnson was already pursuing his controversial lenient approach toward the defeated South, setting the stage for decades of political turmoil over how to rebuild the nation.

Hidden Gems
  • A newspaper reporter was literally kicked off the Great Eastern steamship at the last minute when company officials discovered he was secretly working as a correspondent for multiple publications — his luggage sailed to America without him
  • The Phoenix Bank scandal involved 'stock gambling and fast women' as the ruin of young men, with accomplice James H. Earle slitting his throat with a penknife in his jail cell after confessing
  • Letters supposedly from Clara Barton doing noble work at Andersonville prison were discovered to be complete forgeries
  • The guerilla fighter Mosby was spotted at a Confederate gathering 'riding the horse he stole from the lamented Maj.-Gen. John Sedgwick' and acting as 'grand master of the occasion'
  • Gold was trading at 143¼ in New York, meaning it took $1.43 in paper greenbacks to buy one dollar's worth of gold — a sign of post-war monetary instability
Fun Facts
  • That Michigan Central Railroad mentioned in the dispatch would become part of the New York Central system and eventually carry passengers on the famous 20th Century Limited luxury train
  • Dr. John W. Leftwich, the newly elected Memphis Congressman described as an 'active cotton speculator,' represents the economic opportunism of Reconstruction — cotton speculation made many fortunes as the South's economy restructured
  • The Collins Overland Telegraph mentioned in the small print was an ambitious plan to connect America to Russia via Alaska and Siberia — it was abandoned when the Atlantic cable finally succeeded in 1866
  • Clara Barton, whose forged letters are mentioned, would go on to found the American Red Cross in 1881 after her genuine Civil War nursing work made her famous
  • The Great Eastern ship attempting to lay the cable was the largest vessel in the world at the time — so massive it took seven years to sell for scrap when it finally retired
Anxious Civil War Reconstruction Science Technology Disaster Maritime Crime Corruption Politics Federal Transportation Maritime
August 11, 1865 August 13, 1865

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