Friday
June 30, 1865
Worcester daily spy (Worcester [Mass.]) — Massachusetts, Worcester
“Lincoln's Secret Letters on Black Voting Rights (And a $1000 Horse Race Gone Wrong)”
Art Deco mural for June 30, 1865
Original newspaper scan from June 30, 1865
Original front page — Worcester daily spy (Worcester [Mass.]) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The front page is dominated by a detailed defense of Abraham Lincoln's evolving views on Black suffrage, published just two months after his assassination. The Worcester Daily Spy features correspondence between Lincoln and Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase from March and April 1865, showing Lincoln's support for voting rights for 'intelligent colored men' and those who served as soldiers. The article pushes back against attempts to misrepresent Lincoln's final position, quoting his April 11, 1865 speech where he stated he would 'prefer that [the elective franchise] were now conferred on intelligent colored men, and on those who serve our cause as soldiers.' The page also includes a fascinating story about Robert E. Lee's initial war fervor, describing how he boasted at a train station after Fort Sumter fell that he would 'raise an army and march on Washington' the next morning, contradicting the narrative that Lee entered the war reluctantly.

Why It Matters

This page captures America at a crossroads in June 1865, grappling with Reconstruction and the fundamental question of Black citizenship. Lincoln's assassination in April had left the nation without its most skilled political navigator just as these crucial decisions needed to be made. The detailed publication of Lincoln-Chase correspondence reveals how seriously political leaders were wrestling with universal suffrage—a radical idea that would soon fracture the Republican Party and define the next decade of American politics. These weren't abstract debates but urgent questions about who would have power in a reunited nation.

Hidden Gems
  • A horse named 'Lion' died just six miles from Portland while attempting to win a $1000 bet by traveling from Boston to Portland in under 17 hours—large crowds gathered along the route and 'large bets were pending on the result' in multiple cities
  • A tornado in Birmingham lifted an entire Methodist church horse shed 'one hundred feet in length' and carried it ten feet from its foundation, dropping it as 'a mass of ruins'
  • In Columbia, South Carolina, freed slaves organized their own Fourth of July celebration, raising 'four hundred dollars upon the spot' for a public dinner to which they invited federal soldiers 'in appreciation' of their service to the Black community
  • A French pamphlet seized in Neuilly defined a king as 'a reasonable animal without feathers who walks on two paws' and calculated the monetary 'weight' of different French rulers—Louis XIV at 100 million francs, Napoleon at 30 million
Fun Facts
  • Chief Justice Chase wrote to Lincoln that he 'once would have been satisfied with suffrage for the intelligent and those who have been soldiers' but now believed 'universal suffrage is demanded'—Chase would later run for president in 1868 and 1872, partly on his progressive racial views
  • The Robert E. Lee anecdote reveals he initially boasted of raising '3000 men' to march on Washington and capture Maryland—this contradicts the Lost Cause mythology that wouldn't emerge until decades later portraying Lee as a reluctant warrior
  • The horse endurance race from Boston to Portland required an average speed of 'about nine miles per hour'—this was during the height of the railroad boom when horses were rapidly being replaced by steam power for long-distance travel
  • That $1000 horse racing bet would be worth about $18,000 today, showing how much money was flowing in post-war speculation and gambling
  • The Worcester Daily Spy was established in 1770, making it one of America's oldest newspapers and a witness to nearly a century of American history by this 1865 date
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June 29, 1865 July 1, 1865

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