Saturday
March 25, 1865
Worcester daily spy (Worcester [Mass.]) — Massachusetts, Worcester
“The Great Bounty Jumper Sting: How 700 Civil War Fraudsters Got Trapped with a Barrel of Handcuffs”
Art Deco mural for March 25, 1865
Original newspaper scan from March 25, 1865
Original front page — Worcester daily spy (Worcester [Mass.]) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The Worcester Daily Spy's front page captures the Civil War winding down with military officials positioning for post-war challenges. A letter from Fortress Monroe, Virginia, details serious concerns about the treatment of freed slaves, particularly criticism of policy changes that have made conditions 'even less tolerable than slavery' on the eastern shore. The writer laments the removal of Captain Wilder, whose policies had helped 12,000 colored people survive on just $15,000 in government expense over the past year. Meanwhile, a spectacular law enforcement operation dominates the headlines: Colonel Baker of the government detective force trapped nearly 700 'bounty jumpers' and 17 bounty brokers in an elaborate sting at Hoboken. These criminals made careers of enlisting for bounty money, deserting, then re-enlisting elsewhere under false names. Baker's team used a fake recruiting office to lure the 'professional kangaroos' (as they were called) into Odd Fellows Hall, then surprised them with 80 soldiers and 'a barrel of handcuffs.' The criminals were shipped off to Fort Lafayette, facing a choice between fighting at the front or execution.

Why It Matters

These stories capture America at a pivotal moment in March 1865 — the Civil War's end was imminent (Lee would surrender to Grant in just two weeks), but the challenges of Reconstruction were already emerging. The Fortress Monroe letter reveals the complex reality of emancipation: freed slaves faced new forms of exploitation and bureaucratic indifference that sometimes made freedom feel worse than bondage. The bounty jumper sting illustrates how the war's massive scale created unprecedented opportunities for fraud. With enlistment bounties reaching hundreds of dollars per recruit, professional criminals developed sophisticated schemes that drained government resources and weakened military units through constant desertion.

Hidden Gems
  • At John Chase's golden wedding in Chicopee, the generous host placed a five-dollar gold piece under each guest's napkin — that's roughly $80 per person in today's money for 25 guests
  • George W. Foot and his son in Concord, New Hampshire, caught 57 mink in five weeks of winter trapping, selling the pelts for $342 — about $5,700 today, making it quite a lucrative side business
  • A patriotic family in Randolph, New Hampshire has all seven members — father Clovis Low and his six sons, including 'Prof. Low, the well known aeronaut' — serving simultaneously in the Union Army
  • In Berlin, Connecticut, there's a natural mirage called 'Savage Hill' where you can see a hidden river 'as in a mirror' every morning between 7 and 8 AM when the sun shines bright
  • Miss Sarah J. Clark of South Franklin, Massachusetts, died of brain congestion just days before her wedding to soldier A.N. Knapp of Michigan — a man she'd never met in person but had been courting entirely through letters
Fun Facts
  • The 'bounty brokers' mentioned in the sting were running what amounted to organized crime rings — bounty jumping became so profitable that some men enlisted and deserted dozens of times, with the government paying up to $1,000 per enlistment
  • Fort Lafayette, where the captured bounty jumpers were sent, was known as America's 'American Bastille' — it held political prisoners and Confederate sympathizers throughout the war on a small island in New York Harbor
  • Captain Wilder, mentioned in the Fortress Monroe letter, was likely part of the Freedmen's Bureau system that would officially be established just two months after this newspaper was printed
  • The recommendation to use coal ashes around fruit trees reflects the era's transition from wood to coal heating — cities were just beginning to deal with the mountains of ash waste that coal consumption created
  • That terrible fire in Constantinople that killed 100 people occurred in the same month that would see the end of the American Civil War — showing how 1865 was a year of dramatic endings worldwide
Sensational Civil War Reconstruction Crime Organized Military Civil Rights War Conflict
March 24, 1865 March 26, 1865

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