Wednesday
March 15, 1865
Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Illinois, Cook
“March 15, 1865: Sherman's 'All is well' as the Confederacy crumbles”
Art Deco mural for March 15, 1865
Original newspaper scan from March 15, 1865
Original front page — Chicago tribune (Chicago, Ill.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The Chicago Tribune erupts with Civil War victory news on this March morning, leading with Sherman's triumphant message from deep in North Carolina: 'All is well' and his army has 'done finely.' The Union general has reached Laurel Hill, about 100 miles from Wilmington, positioning himself to strike at Petersburg or Lynchburg. Meanwhile, General Schofield has delivered a crushing defeat to Confederate General Bragg near Kinston, repulsing multiple desperate nighttime assaults and capturing around 2,000 prisoners while losing roughly the same number. Political victories match the military ones — New Hampshire has delivered a 'glorious victory' for Union forces, with their gubernatorial candidate Smyth winning by over 6,000 votes and all three Congressional seats going Union. The good news sent gold prices tumbling 10 percent as speculators worried about the war's end. Reports suggest Sheridan has cut Richmond's supply lines and may have captured Lynchburg, causing 'terrible panic' in the Confederate capital where residents fear his cavalry will 'pounce on the doomed city.'

Why It Matters

This front page captures the Confederacy's death spiral in March 1865, just weeks before Lee's surrender at Appomattox. Sherman's march through the Carolinas was systematically destroying the South's ability to supply its armies, while Sheridan's cavalry was severing Richmond's lifelines. The political victories in New Hampshire reflected growing Northern confidence that victory was within reach — a sharp contrast to the war-weariness of previous years. The panic described in Richmond reveals how Confederate morale was collapsing as Union forces closed in from multiple directions. This coordinated pressure from Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, and Schofield represented the Union's overwhelming advantage in men and resources finally bearing decisive fruit.

Hidden Gems
  • President Lincoln is confined to bed with influenza and 'not receiving visitors' — just weeks before his assassination, he's battling a common illness that could have changed history
  • The paper mentions John Antrobus, 'formerly of this city,' designed Grant's elegant gold medal from Congress that took 'nearly a year past' to prepare
  • Franz Spindler, 'the Wife Poisoner,' just had his death sentence commuted to life imprisonment by Illinois Governor Richard J. Oglesby in an official document reprinted in full
  • The Tribune dedicates significant space to the oil boom, warning readers that 'all is not oil that is slippery' in this 'headlong race to wealth'
  • Brooklyn is voting on the Constitutional Amendment (the 13th, abolishing slavery) with 'very light' turnout but 'largely in favor of its adoption'
Fun Facts
  • That Franz Spindler whose death sentence was just commuted? He was one of America's first documented serial poisoners, and his case helped establish the legal precedent for commuting death sentences based on mental illness
  • The oil fever mentioned in the Tribune was centered in Pennsylvania, where the world's first commercial oil well had been drilled just six years earlier — launching an industry that would reshape global economics
  • General Bragg, who just got 'beautifully whipped' by Schofield, was so disliked by his own officers that some historians argue Confederate generals deliberately undermined him throughout the war
  • The 'Wade Hampton business' the paper dismisses involved one of the Confederacy's last great cavalry commanders — he'd later become South Carolina's governor and help end Reconstruction
  • Those New Hampshire election results celebrated here represented one of the last wartime elections — by the next major vote, Lincoln would be dead and the Union restored
Triumphant Civil War Reconstruction War Conflict Military Politics Federal Politics State Crime Trial
March 14, 1865 March 16, 1865

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