Tuesday
September 6, 1864
Worcester daily spy (Worcester [Mass.]) — Worcester, Massachusetts
“Sherman Takes Atlanta: Worcester Paper Celebrates Victory (and Savagely Mocks Peace Democrats)”
Art Deco mural for September 6, 1864
Original newspaper scan from September 6, 1864
Original front page — Worcester daily spy (Worcester [Mass.]) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The Worcester Daily Spy's front page is dominated by a detailed firsthand account of the 60th Massachusetts Regiment stationed at Camp Carrington in Indianapolis. A correspondent just returned from visiting the camp describes a regiment of impressive discipline and morale, with particular praise for Colonel Wass's leadership and Company F (the Worcester City Guards) for their "soldierly bearing." The regiment guards 6,000 Confederate prisoners at nearby Camp Burnside and maintains a rigorous schedule of drills and parades. But the page's most biting content is a savage satirical piece titled "Submission Creed as Adopted by the Chicago Convention of 1864"—a pointed mockery of Democratic platform planks that includes absurd claims like "cotton is king" and "Abraham Lincoln fired the first gun at Charleston." This is clearly Republican invective aimed at the Democratic National Convention and General George McClellan's peace platform, just two months before the November election. Rounding out the page are brief dispatches from Atlanta (recently captured by Sherman), the Belfast riots in Ireland, and snippets of New England local news.

Why It Matters

September 1864 was a pivotal moment in the Civil War and American politics. Sherman's capture of Atlanta just days earlier had dramatically shifted Northern morale and the election calculus—Lincoln's reelection prospects, which had looked grim just weeks before, suddenly improved. This paper captures the War Department's urgent need to tout Union victories and soldier discipline while simultaneously attacking the Democratic opposition as defeatist sympathizers. The satirical "Submission Creed" reflects genuine fear among Republicans that McClellan and the peace wing of the Democratic Party might win the presidency and negotiate a Confederate surrender that preserved slavery. The detailed account of the 60th Massachusetts—a real unit of citizen-soldiers from Worcester—was propaganda as much as journalism, designed to reassure readers back home that their sons and neighbors were well-led, healthy, and fighting for a just cause.

Hidden Gems
  • The correspondent notes that the 60th Massachusetts Regiment has achieved exceptional proficiency in military drill 'of but a few weeks organization'—meaning these Worcester civilians had been soldiers for barely more than a month, yet were already drilling at expert level. This speaks to the desperation of late-war recruitment and the speed at which raw civilians had to become soldiers.
  • Camp Carrington's first death by typhoid fever is blamed partly on the overcrowded general hospital in Indianapolis, suggesting serious logistical problems in Union medical infrastructure even in a rear-area city far from the front.
  • Ten men from each company of the 60th were detailed daily for guard duty, while five more from each company assisted a 'veteran reserve regiment'—indicating that the Union Army was so stretched by late 1864 that it had to create second-line units of less-fit soldiers to hold the rear.
  • The Belfast riots section reveals that Irish religious sectarian violence was raging simultaneously across the Atlantic, with Protestant 'Sandy-row' and Catholic 'Pound' factions battling in the streets—a reminder that 1864's violence transcended the American Civil War.
  • A classified item mentions a burglary at the home of 'B. W. Williams, the well-known Sunday School superintendent,' robbed 'with false keys' while the family was at church—an oddly specific detail suggesting that even Worcester's respectable citizens worried about crime during wartime.
Fun Facts
  • The correspondent praises Colonel Wass as having 'scarcely more experienced officer' in the volunteer service—yet we find no record of a Colonel Wass achieving major fame in the Civil War, suggesting many competent officers have been lost to history's spotlight, overshadowed by Shermans and Grants.
  • The paper mocks Colonel Van Slyck's claim that 'Atlanta could not be taken,' then sarcastically notes that 'Sherman, not McClellan, was in command in Georgia.' This barb became prescient: McClellan would lose the 1864 election, and Sherman would continue his devastating March to the Sea just weeks after this paper went to press.
  • The satirical 'Submission Creed' includes the claim that peace Democrats believe in 'an armistice of a few months' to allow the South to 'establish commercial relations with European powers'—reflecting real anxiety that Britain or France might intervene if the war dragged on. In reality, European powers' appetite for intervention had evaporated by mid-1864.
  • John Mitchell, mentioned as now serving as a Confederate conscript private in an ambulance corps, was a legendary Irish nationalist who had previously been exiled to Australia. His fall from romantic revolutionary to desperate foot soldier symbolized the Confederacy's complete human exhaustion by September 1864.
  • The paper's coverage of the 60th Massachusetts includes 'many pledged temperance men among both officers and men'—a detail reflecting the temperance movement's significant overlap with Civil War-era patriotism and reform sentiment.
Triumphant Civil War War Conflict Military Election Politics Federal Crime Violent
September 5, 1864 September 7, 1864

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