“How to Rub a Fever Away: 1863 Maine's Wildest Medical Advice—Plus Lincoln's Urgent New War Call”
What's on the Front Page
The Portland Daily Press leads with a reprinted New York Tribune article on fever treatment that reads like a 19th-century medical manifesto. The piece advocates an aggressive, multi-pronged approach: fasting to deny 'fuel to the fire,' strict bedrest, cold water bathing both internal (drinking "a tumbler full every fifteen minutes") and external, and vigorous friction of the body to 'rub out' the fever. The author insists these methods can cure even violent fevers if applied faithfully, though he acknowledges that "long experience" often proves remedies unreliable—a refreshingly honest caveat from the era. Below this, Governor Abram S. Coburn's official proclamation dominates the page, urging Maine citizens to meet President Lincoln's call for 300,000 additional volunteers. He frames the conflict not as a war but as a test of whether free men can 'endure more' than 'desperate and determined traitors' fighting to destroy the Union. The tone is resolute: Maine will furnish its quota and persevere 'until the object be accomplished.'
Why It Matters
This November 1863 edition captures America at a pivotal moment—two years into the Civil War, with victory far from assured. Lincoln's call for fresh volunteers signals that initial recruitment enthusiasm has waned and casualty lists have grown grim. Maine's Governor Coburn's appeal reflects the grinding reality: the conflict would be measured by 'events' not years, a coded acknowledgment that nobody knew how long the bloodshed would continue. Simultaneously, the fever treatment article reveals how desperate civilians were for medical solutions in an era before germ theory. These two stories—war and disease—weren't separate anxieties but intertwined horrors: soldiers died as often from typhoid and dysentery as from bullets.
Hidden Gems
- The paper cost 3 cents per copy—roughly 80 cents in today's money—but an annual subscription was only $6, suggesting editors expected readers to commit long-term to their news.
- William C. Beckett's tailor shop advertises 'Army and Navy Suits' with special attention to their 'making up to order,' indicating that uniform tailoring was a competitive local business even as the war raged.
- F. W. Nichols opened a new 'Hair Dressing Saloon' at the Central House 'formerly occupied by Ellwell Brothers'—suggesting rapid commercial turnover and that grooming services remained steady business even during wartime.
- The Dupont Powder Works agency advertisement lists '100 kegs Blasting and Common Sporting' and '150 wholes, halves and quarters Rifle and Duck' powder in Magazine, showing civilian ammunition stockpiling was openly advertised and apparently brisk.
- Hillard's Readers series proudly announces sales of 'nearly 300,000 of the Primary Readers since their publication a few years since'—these textbooks rivaled popular novels in circulation and standardized American education.
Fun Facts
- The fever treatment advocated here—vigorous air circulation, cold water, and friction—accidentally mimicked some genuinely useful practices (dehydration does worsen fever; cool compresses help), yet the author's confidence that these alone could cure 'almost any life from fever' would have killed countless patients who actually needed antibiotics or fluids.
- Governor Coburn's proclamation was issued October 24 but published November 3—a 10-day lag that was actually fast for the era. This meant recruiting officers in rural Maine wouldn't see the official call for nearly two weeks, yet the state would eventually exceed its quota, enlisting over 70,000 soldiers across the war.
- The Hillard's Readers advertisement mentions Professor Mark Bailey of Yale College wrote the elocution treatise—this was the standard curriculum that shaped American schoolchildren's diction and rhetoric for decades; by the 1880s these readers were in most American classrooms.
- Portland's economy in November 1863 was surprisingly robust: carpenters selling ship timber ('Hardwood Oak Timber' from the brig Trenton), produce merchants buying 'Country Products,' and tailors expanding inventory suggest the Northern home front was thriving despite war—a stark contrast to the South.
- The paper's masthead lists John T. Gilman as editor and N.A. Foster & Co. as publishers at Fox Block—three years later, the same printing house would help publish some of the first American editions of 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.'
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