Friday
February 13, 1863
The Willimantic journal (Willimantic, Conn.) — Willimantic, Windham
“A Venetian Thief, a Widow's Ruin, and a Lawyer's Clever Loophole—Plus Connecticut's Most Distinguished Family Tree”
Art Deco mural for February 13, 1863
Original newspaper scan from February 13, 1863
Original front page — The Willimantic journal (Willimantic, Conn.) — Click to enlarge
Full-size newspaper scan
What's on the Front Page

The Willimantic Journal's February 13, 1863 front page opens with a serialized moral tale titled "The Bag of Gold"—a dramatic Italian story of trust betrayed and justice restored. A Venetian traveler and his companions deposit a bag of gold with Madonna Lucrezia, a once-wealthy widow running a small inn at the foot of the Apennines, now fallen into poverty. The three men wisely stipulate in writing that the gold be returned only when "the three" come to claim it together. But after the Venetian secretly returns alone to seal the bag, he vanishes with the gold, leaving Lucrezia facing ruin and legal liability. Her daughter Gianotta seeks help from advocates, but finds none—until Lorenzo Martelli, a brilliant young lawyer and Gianotta's devoted lover, takes the case. In a stunning courtroom moment, Lorenzo argues that since the bond explicitly requires all three men to claim the gold, and only one has appeared, the widow owes nothing. The judges rule in her favor. Lorenzo's eloquence launches his career and wins Gianotta's hand. Below this serialized drama sits the genealogical article "Ancestry of the Late Rev. Edward Robinson, D.D., LL.D.," tracing the distinguished scholar's lineage back through Connecticut families to Major John Mason, conqueror of the Pequots and founder of Norwich, and John Brown, an Assistant of Plymouth Colony. The meticulous genealogy spans six generations from William Robinson (settled Dorchester, 1630) through to Professor Robinson himself (born 1784), documenting marriages, births, and deaths with precise dates.

Why It Matters

In February 1863, America was locked in the Civil War's second brutal year. The Willimantic Journal, serving a Connecticut mill town in Windham County, offered its readers what newspapers of the era did best: a mix of serialized moral literature and local genealogical pride. The "Bag of Gold" tale—though set in Renaissance Italy—spoke to 19th-century anxieties about trust, contracts, and justice in a rapidly modernizing world. Meanwhile, the genealogical article celebrating a local scholar's descent from Puritan founders and Revolutionary-era leaders reinforced Connecticut's deep pride in its colonial heritage and early American significance. Even during wartime, communities clung to these narratives of continuity and virtue.

Hidden Gems
  • The bond's clever wording—requiring delivery "not to one, nor to two, but to the three"—was deliberately inserted by the travelers "knowing what they knew of each other," hinting that distrust among partners was anticipated from the start.
  • Rev. John Robinson's wife and eldest daughter Mary were drowned in 1722 while traveling from Duxbury to Boston—and the genealogy notes she was a descendant of John Alden and Priscilla Mullins of the Mayflower, connecting two centuries of New England history in a single tragic footnote.
  • Jonathan Trumbull Sr., whom Faith Robinson married, was "the distinguished patriot and Governor of Connecticut during the Revolutionary war," and their son John became the celebrated painter—one family spanning politics, art, and governance.
  • Professor Edward Robinson, the subject of the genealogy, had traveled to Palestine in 1838 and again in 1852—rare scholarly expeditions that positioned him as a pioneer of biblical archaeology decades before it became fashionable.
  • The genealogy reveals that William Robinson (the settler) "perished by a sudden and violent death in his corn tide mill, July 6, 1665"—an unsettling reminder of occupational hazards in colonial New England.
Fun Facts
  • The story's Italian setting—near Bologna, Perugia, Venice—reflects how serialized European tales were staple entertainment in American newspapers during the Civil War, offering readers escape from war news into romantic, morally instructive narratives.
  • Professor Edward Robinson married twice: first to Eliza, daughter of Rev. Samuel Kirkland (a missionary to the Oneida Indians), then to Thérèse, daughter of a Prussian professor—his second marriage to a European intellectual reflects the transatlantic scholarly networks of 19th-century academia.
  • Major John Mason, Robinson's ancestor, conquered the Pequots and founded Norwich—this genealogy was published in 1863, exactly 227 years after his founding of the town, when Connecticut communities were actively memorializing their founders during the Civil War era.
  • Rev. John Robinson of Duxbury graduated from Harvard in 1695, making him among the earliest graduates of Harvard College in the New World—his descendants went on to include a Union Theological Seminary professor, showing how intellectual prestige accumulated across generations.
  • The genealogy's detail that Ebenezer Brown married Sarah Hyde on Feb. 25, 1714, and that Sarah lived to age 100 (dying March 1, 1797) was remarkable enough to note—in an era of high mortality, a centenarian deserved mention in a family history.
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