“A Methodist Minister's Fiery 1836 Sermon: Why Christians Are 'Perjured Wretches' for Pursuing Profit”
What's on the Front Page
The Morning Star's March 2, 1836 edition features the eighth installment of Reverend Finney's fiery sermon series on Christian duty, with this week's focus on "Be not conformed to this world." The Methodist minister delivers a blistering critique of how professing Christians have abandoned gospel principles in pursuit of worldly gain. Finney structures his argument around three forbidden domains: business, fashion, and politics. In the business section, he excoriates the maxim "buy as cheap as you can, sell as dear as you can"—the universal principle governing commerce—as fundamentally incompatible with Christian love. He argues that Christians who pursue wealth with the same selfish intensity as the godless are "perjured wretches" bound for damnation, guilty of hypocrisy that actively prevents sinners from understanding the gospel's transformative power. Finney warns that this conformity has "eaten out the love of God from the church," converting fervent young converts into spiritually hollow shells of conscience. He then pivots to fashion, lambasting the endless chase for respectability through dress and appearance as the defining obsession of nine-tenths of the population.
Why It Matters
In 1836, America was experiencing explosive commercial growth and rapid westward expansion, creating unprecedented wealth accumulation and social mobility. Finney's sermon captures a fundamental tension of the era: the clash between traditional religious values and emerging capitalist culture. The Second Great Awakening, of which Finney was a leading voice, sought moral reformation even as market forces were reshaping American society. His critique reveals the anxiety religious leaders felt watching their congregations become absorbed in commercial pursuits and material display. This sermon, published weekly in a Freewill Baptist newspaper, represents the intellectual and moral resistance to the commercialization of American Christianity—a battle that would define religious discourse for generations.
Hidden Gems
- The newspaper's subscription terms reveal economic hardship: editors desperately asked subscribers to remit notes 'on banks as far east as possible' because western and southern banks were unreliable—a window into the fragmented, unstable financial system of the 1830s before federal banking regulation.
- A Christian female dressmaker 'who is conscientiously opposed to the following of fashions, cannot get her bread' even among church members—suggesting that pious women in 1836 actively rejected garments they viewed as spiritually corrupting, creating an actual market demand for plain dress.
- Finney references the early Jerusalem church where 'ignorant fishermen and humble women' turned 'the world upside down'—a surprising acknowledgment that spiritual revolution came from society's lowest ranks, not its elites.
- The subscription cost was $1.75 annually ($1.50 if paid in advance)—roughly $50 in modern money—making newspaper readership a modest but meaningful expense for working families.
- The newspaper's address is given as 'Henderson's Brick Block, Franklin Square' in Dover, N.H., with all communications directed to 'Wm. Burr'—a hyper-local, hand-operated publishing operation serving primarily New England communities.
Fun Facts
- Finney was preaching this sermon in 1836 just as the nation experienced its first major financial crisis; his warnings about Christians pursuing wealth would be vindicated within a year when the Panic of 1837 would devastate the economy and expose the spiritual emptiness he condemned.
- The Morning Star identifies itself as 'published weekly by the trustees of the Freewill Baptist Connection'—a denomination that split from Calvinist orthodoxy precisely over the question of free will versus predestination, making Finney's moral exhortation to 'choose differently' theologically coherent with their core beliefs.
- Finney's reference to Christians who 'go into business and do business on the principles of the world for one year' and lose their spiritual fervor captures what would later be called the 'Protestant work ethic paradox'—Max Weber would explore this exact dynamic 60+ years later in his analysis of how capitalism corrupted the religious values that birthed it.
- The sermon's circulation via newspaper was revolutionary for its time; Finney's revivals were famous partly because printed sermons allowed his influence to spread far beyond the towns where he physically preached, making him perhaps America's first media-amplified religious celebrity.
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